تابع شرح تحليل CBC * ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑـ thrombocytopenia- ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺰﻑ ﻭﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ :-1 ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﺴﻤﻰ ... Idiopathic thromcocytopenia PupuraI.T.P ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ.-2 ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﻣﺜﻞ ‏( ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻣﻨﺔ / ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ /ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺨﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﺎﻝ / ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺪ/ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺩﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺜﺒﻂ ﻧﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﺎﻉﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻲ .. ﺃﻟﺦ ‏)-3 ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ‏( ﺍﻻﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ / ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ B12 ﻭﺣﺎﻣﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻟﻴﻚ Folic acid-4 ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ Hb :ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺽ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰﻓﺤﺼﻮﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ.* ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ‏( ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓAnaemia / ﺍﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ‏).* ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﺣﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‏( ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ Polycythaemia ).-5 ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ PCV .. Packed Cell Volume /Haematocrit .. HCT- ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺒﺮﺍًﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ , ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ.- ﻟﻠﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ.- ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﺜﻞ‏( MCV / MCHC ‏).* ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ :-1 ﺍﺣﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ .. Polycythaemia.-2 ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ .. Heart disease / ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺔ .. Lung disease.-3 ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻔﺎﻑ Dehyadration.-4 ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻕ .Burns ..* ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﺎﺗﻮﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ‏(ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ / ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ / ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ‏) .-6 ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻫﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ Mean CorpuscularHaemoglobin .. MCH :- ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﺍﻟـ MCH ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺯﻥ ‏( ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ‏) ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻬﻢﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ.* ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟـ MCH ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ.-7 ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ .. Mean CorpuscularHaemoglobin concentration ..MCHC :- ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﺍﻟـ MCHC ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻮﺟﻠﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ.- ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟـ MCHC ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ .* ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟـ MCHC ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑـ Hypochromia ﻭﻧﺠﺪﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﺺﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ Iron deficiency anaemia.-8 ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ Mean Cell Volume .. MCV :- ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ MCV ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮ